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    <article id="post-shortcuts-common-new-chart" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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  <time datetime="2022-11-23T08:00:48.916Z" itemprop="datePublished">2022-11-23</time>
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/shortcuts-common-new-chart/">Excel 快捷键：创建图表</a>
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        <h2 id="说明"><a href="#说明" class="headerlink" title="说明"></a>说明</h2><p>使用此快捷键，根据所选单元格区域的数据，在当前工作表创建图表。</p>
<h2 id="快捷键"><a href="#快捷键" class="headerlink" title="快捷键"></a>快捷键</h2><ul>
<li><strong>Windows</strong>：Alt + F1</li>
<li><strong>Mac</strong>：fn + ⌥ + F1</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="演示"><a href="#演示" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h2><p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_0f51ee37b775563ef65ab745f19c2678.gif"></p>

      
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/shortcuts-common-paste/">Excel 快捷键：粘贴剪贴板内容</a>
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        <h2 id="说明"><a href="#说明" class="headerlink" title="说明"></a>说明</h2><p>使用此快捷键，粘贴剪贴板上的所有内容，包括数据和格式。</p>
<h2 id="快捷键"><a href="#快捷键" class="headerlink" title="快捷键"></a>快捷键</h2><p>Windows：Ctrl + V 或 Enter</p>
<p>Mac：⌘ + V 或 fn + Return</p>
<h2 id="演示"><a href="#演示" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h2><p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_11aeee1f1f52cf40b10afcf513e13028.gif"></p>

      
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    <article id="post-shortcuts-common-recover" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/shortcuts-common-recover/">Excel 快捷键：恢复上一次操作</a>
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        <h2 id="说明"><a href="#说明" class="headerlink" title="说明"></a>说明</h2><p>使用此快捷键，恢复上一次操作，即重新执行上一次操作。</p>
<h2 id="快捷键"><a href="#快捷键" class="headerlink" title="快捷键"></a>快捷键</h2><p>Windows：Ctrl + Y</p>
<p>Mac：⌘ + Y</p>
<h2 id="演示"><a href="#演示" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h2><p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_4b3237de4e8ecb772bc58acdd84aa9f3.gif"></p>

      
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    <article id="post-shortcuts-common-repeat" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/shortcuts-common-repeat/">Excel 快捷键：重复执行上一命令或操作</a>
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        <h2 id="说明"><a href="#说明" class="headerlink" title="说明"></a>说明</h2><p>使用此快捷键，重复执行上一命令或操作（如果有）。</p>
<h2 id="快捷键"><a href="#快捷键" class="headerlink" title="快捷键"></a>快捷键</h2><p>Windows：F4</p>
<p>Mac：⌘ + Y</p>
<h2 id="演示"><a href="#演示" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h2><p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_aa0cef0f43a2161b3655f9955ed36db5.gif"></p>

      
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/shortcuts-common-replace/">Excel 快捷键：显示替换功能菜单</a>
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        <h2 id="说明"><a href="#说明" class="headerlink" title="说明"></a>说明</h2><p>使用此快捷键，显示查找和替换菜单，替换选项卡。</p>
<h2 id="快捷键"><a href="#快捷键" class="headerlink" title="快捷键"></a>快捷键</h2><p>Windows：Ctrl + H</p>
<p>Mac：⌘ + H</p>
<h2 id="演示"><a href="#演示" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h2><p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_e037364d04cacdfc3e48a0de73cf6f4b.png"></p>

      
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    <article id="post-shortcuts-common-undo" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/shortcuts-common-undo/">Excel 快捷键：撤销上一个操作</a>
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        <h2 id="说明"><a href="#说明" class="headerlink" title="说明"></a>说明</h2><p>使用此快捷键，撤销上一次执行的操作。</p>
<h2 id="快捷键"><a href="#快捷键" class="headerlink" title="快捷键"></a>快捷键</h2><p>Windows：Ctrl + Z</p>
<p>Mac：⌘ + Z</p>
<h2 id="演示"><a href="#演示" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h2><p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_e39f83e9eefead053fa402708443a367.gif"></p>

      
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  <time datetime="2022-11-23T08:00:48.900Z" itemprop="datePublished">2022-11-23</time>
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/shortcuts-common-auto-filter/">Excel 快捷键：打开/关闭自动筛选</a>
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        <h2 id="说明"><a href="#说明" class="headerlink" title="说明"></a>说明</h2><p>使用此快捷键，对一区域数据打开或关闭自动筛选。</p>
<h2 id="快捷键"><a href="#快捷键" class="headerlink" title="快捷键"></a>快捷键</h2><ul>
<li>Windows：Ctrl + Shift +L</li>
<li>Mac：⌘ + ⇧ + F</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="演示"><a href="#演示" class="headerlink" title="演示"></a>演示</h2><p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_bbe44946470d147db677cbbe0b60cb0b.gif"></p>

      
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    <article id="post-sum-first-n-large-number" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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  <time datetime="2022-11-23T08:00:48.572Z" itemprop="datePublished">2022-11-23</time>
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    <h1 itemprop="name">
      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/sum-first-n-large-number/">如何对区域中最大的 n 个值求和？</a>
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        <p>实际中，可能遇到这样的问题：对一区域中最大的 n 个值求和，其中区域中的数字未排序。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_3a7b375a274fbe23578d7ece77741e2c.png"></p>
<p>对涉及到最大或最小的问题，Excel 提供了 <a href="/study-excel/excel-large-function/">LARGE 函数</a> 和 <a href="/study-excel/excel-small-function/">SMALL 函数</a>，可以返回第 n 个最大或最小值。LARGE 函数语法如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">=LARGE(数组，n)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>在本例中，我们可以使用 LARGE 函数返回最大的 5 个值，然后使用 <a href="/study-excel/excel-sum-function/">SUM 函数</a>对返回值求和。需要注意的是，当返回多个值时，LARGE 函数的第二个参数需用数组形式输入，即 <code>&#123;1, 2, 3, 4, 5&#125;</code>。公式如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">=SUM(LARGE(数据区域, &#123;1,2,3,4,5&#125;))</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_51c9eb2a8c18e592c371dae6f1e4b85d.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<p>如果要求对最大的 3 个值，或 8 个值求和，只需更改 LARGE 函数的第二个参数到相应的数量即可。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_bcc22cbd57bc1b67fb8b96799e0dba6b.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<p>可能有读者提出，当返回的数量较多时，输入的数组参数需要一个一个写出来吗？岂不是很花费时间？这里给大家提供一个技巧，可以快速输入随意数量的数组参数，步骤如下：</p>
<ol>
<li>LARGE 函数第二个参数输入 <code>ROW(1:目标n)</code>；</li>
<li>使用鼠标选中上述参数；</li>
<li>按 F9，即可返回指定数量的目标数组。</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_18c2064ccb4cc6d609fe38969b5656a6.gif"></p>
<p> </p>
<p>对求最小的 n 个值的和的问题，参考上述步骤，使用 SMALL 函数即可。</p>

      
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    <article id="post-vlookup-get-third-parameter" class="article article-type-post" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
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  <time datetime="2022-11-23T08:00:48.572Z" itemprop="datePublished">2022-11-23</time>
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/vlookup-get-third-parameter/">数据区域很宽时，如何快速确定 VLOOKUP 函数的第三个参数？</a>
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        <p>你在使用 <a href="/study-excel/excel-vlookup-function/">VLOOKUP 函数</a>时，有没有遇到过数据区域很宽，导致你无法快速写第三个参数——返回列号的情况？</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_82f652aa2beaccd15e6e95c41ffdea7c.gif"></p>
<p>一般，我们写 VLOOKUP 函数时，查找数据区域通常不超过10 列，返回值所在列可以快速数出来。</p>
<p>但是，数据区域列数一旦超过 10 列，数列就没那么快了。稍不注意，容易出错。这篇文章将介绍4种方法，可以应对这种情况。</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="1-用鼠标选中方式"><a href="#1-用鼠标选中方式" class="headerlink" title="1 用鼠标选中方式"></a>1 用鼠标选中方式</h2><p>在用鼠标选中一区域并不松开时，在名称框显示该区域的行列信息，即显示该区域有多少行和多少列。因此，使用此方法，选中数据区域第一列到返回值所在列的区域，从名称框直接读取列号。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_1fabfea3fa531cab17b476720cd0513f.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="2-使用-R1C1-引用样式"><a href="#2-使用-R1C1-引用样式" class="headerlink" title="2 使用 R1C1 引用样式"></a>2 使用 R1C1 引用样式</h2><p>与字母代表列，用数字代表行的方式（A1）不同，<a href="/study-excel/excel-r1c1-reference-style/">R1C1 引用样式</a>行和列都使用数字。因此，返回值所在列的列号可以直接确定。</p>
<p>设置 R1C1 引用样式：</p>
<ol>
<li>打开 Excel 选项菜单；</li>
<li>进入「公式」选项页；</li>
<li>勾选「R1C1」引用样式选项。</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_37a0d64fe2578a20ba7733f110eeddc4.png"></p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_418dc88313136053bcf7a6a2beebf624.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="3-使用-COLUMNS-函数"><a href="#3-使用-COLUMNS-函数" class="headerlink" title="3 使用 COLUMNS 函数"></a>3 使用 COLUMNS 函数</h2><p><a href="/study-excel/excel-columns-function/">COLUMNS 函数</a>返回所选区域的列数。因此可以使用此函数，选择数据区域第一列到返回值所在列中间的部分，作为 VLOOKUP 函数第三个参数。</p>
<p>通用公式：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">COLUMNS(数据区域第一列:返回值所在列)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_1b41be52b81cfe71bc5fc6a9e3e517e5.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="4-使用-MATCH-函数"><a href="#4-使用-MATCH-函数" class="headerlink" title="4 使用 MATCH 函数"></a>4 使用 MATCH 函数</h2><p><a href="/study-excel/excel-match-function/">MATCH 函数</a>在一区域中，查找指定值并返回在区域中的相对位置。因此可以使用此函数，在数据区域标题部分，查找返回值所在列的标题，返回值作为 VLOOKUP 函数的第三个参数。</p>
<p>通用公式：</p>
<figure class="highlight plaintext"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">MATCH(返回值列标题, 数据区域标题区域, 0)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_a5410186cc1541989c375624aff52d0c.png"></p>

      
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  <time datetime="2022-11-23T08:00:48.572Z" itemprop="datePublished">2022-11-23</time>
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      <a class="article-title" href="/study-excel/excel-macro-absolute-relative-reference/">Excel 宏教程：绝对和相对引用的区别</a>
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        <p>录制宏时，使用相对引用和不使用有什么区别？什么时候使用，什么时候不使用相对引用？</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_9459794541554697962da8a2183e5665.png"></p>
<h2 id="认识「使用相对引用」命令"><a href="#认识「使用相对引用」命令" class="headerlink" title="认识「使用相对引用」命令"></a>认识「使用相对引用」命令</h2><p>首先，我们先认识使用相对引用命令。该命令位于【开发工具】选项卡、【代码】命令组，在录制宏命令下方。该命令具有以下两种状态：</p>
<ul>
<li>默认状态下，该命令在未启用状态，即背景色为浅色。这个时候，录制宏，将采用绝对引用的方式。</li>
<li>点击后，命令会处于启用状态，背景色为深色。这个时候，录制宏，将采用相对引用的方式。</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_c778a6fa03049d4393d9e0271d6fe543.gif"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="绝对引用和相对引用的区别"><a href="#绝对引用和相对引用的区别" class="headerlink" title="绝对引用和相对引用的区别"></a>绝对引用和相对引用的区别</h2><p>录制宏时，根据实际情况，工作表单元格区域将会出现以下几种位置：</p>
<ul>
<li>初始位置。录制宏开始时，当前选中的单元格。初始位置可以是单元格，也可以是单元格区域。</li>
<li>过程位置。录制宏过程中，使用鼠标或键盘方向键选中的单元格。与初始位置类似，可以是单元格，也可以是单元格区域。</li>
</ul>
<p><strong>绝对引用和相对引用区别将体现在初始位置和过程位置的记录方式上。</strong></p>
<p>首先，<strong>两者的相同点</strong>是，针对初始位置，两者的初始位置是相同的。Excel 只记录一个「选中的区域」的参数，不会记录选中的单元格地址信息。</p>
<p><strong>两者的不同点</strong>就在于，两者对过程位置的记录方式不同。</p>
<ul>
<li>绝对引用，录制宏过程中，记录选中的单元格的绝对地址信息。例如，从初始位置 A1，再选中 A10，绝对引用只记录 A10。</li>
<li>相对引用，录制宏过程中，记录初始位置单元格和最新选中单元格离初始位置的偏移量。例如，从初始位置 A1，再选中 A10，相对引用记录 A1 和偏移量 [9, 0]。</li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="绝对引用和相对引用实战"><a href="#绝对引用和相对引用实战" class="headerlink" title="绝对引用和相对引用实战"></a>绝对引用和相对引用实战</h2><p>为了将两者的区别更好地体现出来，我们录制两个几乎相同的宏，一个未开启相对引用，一个开启相对引用。</p>
<p>宏的内容是：初始位置是 B3 单元格，开始录制宏，下一步选中旁边的 C3 单元格，录入 C3，Ctrl+Enter 结束如输入，最后点击结束录制。</p>
<p>第一个，未开启相对引用，即使用绝对引用录制，宏名称设为绝对引用宏。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_f5e0a624359d936afe9abde60664e474.gif"></p>
<p>第二个，开启相对引用录制，宏名称设为相对引用宏。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_83386af919c62f248820a099e71f5746.gif"></p>
<p>现在我们已录制好了两个宏，接下来在相同条件下运行两个宏，看看两者有什么区别。</p>
<h3 id="绝对引用实例"><a href="#绝对引用实例" class="headerlink" title="绝对引用实例"></a>绝对引用实例</h3><p>首先，选中 B10 单元格，点击宏命令，弹出宏列表，选择「绝对引用」，执行。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_3c23edd785c0dd5b1cacc5e685704c0e.gif"></p>
<p>可以看到，绝对引用宏运行后，在 C3 单元格录入了 C3，与初始位置 B10 没有关系。</p>
<h3 id="相对引用实例"><a href="#相对引用实例" class="headerlink" title="相对引用实例"></a>相对引用实例</h3><p>然后，我们清除 C3 单元格的内容，相同的步骤，运行「相对引用」宏。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_d532c1beb3db8f74d27892a709515f51.gif"></p>
<p>可以看到，这次在 C10 单元格录入了 C3，即离 C10 单元格向右偏离了一个列，与最初录制的宏的偏移距离相同。</p>
<p>通过以上例子可以看出来，绝对引用“只知道”绝对地址；而相对引用既知道初始位置，又知道离初始位置的偏移量。</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="绝对引用和相对引用的使用场景"><a href="#绝对引用和相对引用的使用场景" class="headerlink" title="绝对引用和相对引用的使用场景"></a>绝对引用和相对引用的使用场景</h2><p>如果你的目标单元格或单元格区域，在工作表的固定位置处，不随初始位置变化而变化，那么使用绝对引用方式。例如，在固定位置冻结窗格，这种情况，初始位置无论在哪里，冻结位置始终在固定位置。</p>
<p>如果你的目标单元格或单元格区域，在工作表上的位置不固定，随初始位置变化而变化，那么使用相对引用方式。</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h2><p>如果没有在实际中使用过两种引用方式，这篇文章读起来可能有点费力，绝对相对概念不容易理解。所以建议使用不同的方式录制多个宏，自己体会两者的不同，将有助于加深理解。</p>

      
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